Protecting One of East Africa’s Most Biodiverse Forests

3% of world's mammal species

are found in the Udzungwa Mountains, making this African mountain forest one of the planet's most biodiverse places.

Tanzania, Africa

Biodiversity
PartnersSTEP

Why

The Udzungwa Mountains in Tanzania are a treasure trove of biodiversity and a lifeline for both nature and people.

Biodiversity

Home to a remarkable concentration of species found nowhere else, the Udzungwa Mountains also sustain local communities and power the nation. But despite their global importance, these mountains face increasing threats, making conservation efforts more crucial than ever.

The Udzungwa Mountains in Tanzania are part of East Africa’s oldest mountain range. They are one of the world’s most biodiverse places and contain about 5% of all bird species and 3% of all mammal species on earth, as well as more than 2,500 plant species, and thousands of other species that remain undescribed to science.

The mountains are crucial for hydropower generation, providing over half of Tanzania’s electricity. More than a quarter million people live in and around the mountains, with their livelihoods directly linked to the water and climate regulation provided by the forests. Yet the landscape is under threat and under-funded. The Udzungwa Mountains are therefore a global priority for long-term conservation efforts, both for nature and people.

1%of the world’s most threatened terrestrial vertebrates live there

The Udzungwa Mountains provide a vital refuge for many species, including 1% of the world's most extinction-threatened mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians.

80%of the Udzungwa Mountains are legally unprotected.

The Udzungwa Mountains are largely unprotected, with 80% lacking legal safeguards, making them highly vulnerable to deforestation and hunting.

How

Protecting the Udzungwa Mountains requires a united effort. The Hempel Foundation supports a coalition of local and national stakeholders working to restore ecosystems, empower communities, and secure long-term conservation financing.

At the heart of our efforts is a shared strategy to combat deforestation, restore degraded landscapes, and promote sustainable resource management. By strengthening the capacity of our core partner, STEP, we are helping to enhance the impact of their conservation work while also supporting long-term financing solutions that will sustain the Udzungwa Mountains for generations to come.

Beyond conservation, this initiative is about creating lasting benefits for the people who depend on these landscapes. More than a quarter million people live in and around the Udzungwa Mountains, relying on the forests for water, livelihoods, and climate regulation. By working closely with local communities, this partnership ensures that conservation efforts go hand in hand with economic opportunities, sustainable resource use, and resilience to environmental changes.

By investing in these interconnected initiatives - landscape conservation and restoration, sustainable financing, and capacity-building - we aim to establish an enduring model for biodiversity protection. This approach underscores our commitment to fostering strong partnerships, ensuring financial sustainability, and empowering national stakeholders to safeguard this critical ecosystem well into the future.

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Accelerating Change

The Road to Change

our partners

We work with trusted partners to protect and restore biodiversity by supporting conservation efforts, promoting sustainable land use, and investing in nature-based solutions that create lasting impact.

The Southern Tanzania Elephant Program (STEP) is dedicated to safeguarding Tanzania’s biodiversity and critical ecosystems in Ruaha, Udzungwa and Selous. As a key player in preserving the wildlife and ecosystems of the Udzungwa Mountains, STEP collaborates with government partners, communities and other NGOs to address root causes of deforestation and biodiversity loss.

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The Udzungwa Mountains are covered in the most important forests for biodiversity conservation in the whole of East Africa. The world is fortunate that Tanzania has committed to protecting them, but the pressures on the forests and wildlife are immense. The reserves and the communities living around them require sustained, large-scale support over the long term to secure and preserve the ecological integrity of this stunning landscape.

Trevor Jones

Director of Strategy and Development at STEP